sfp_api_laravel_ginastica_cerebro/app/Http/Requests/StudentRequest.php

<?php

namespace App\Http\Requests;

use App\ValueObjects\Cpf;
use Carbon\Carbon;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\FormRequest;
use Illuminate\Validation\Rule;
use Throwable;

class StudentRequest extends FormRequest
{
    public function rules(): array
    {
        $rules = [
            'avatar'              => 'sometimes|nullable|image',
            'birth_date'          => 'sometimes|nullable|date',
            'document_number'     => ['sometimes', 'nullable', 'string', 'max:20', Cpf::rule()],
            'gender'              => 'sometimes|nullable|string|in:no_preference,male,female,other',
            'email'               => 'sometimes|nullable|email',
            'phone'               => 'sometimes|nullable|string|max:20',
            'postal_code'         => 'sometimes|nullable|string|max:10',
            'street'              => 'sometimes|nullable|string|max:255',
            'address_number'      => 'sometimes|nullable|string|max:20',
            'neighborhood'        => 'sometimes|nullable|string|max:255',
            'city_id'             => 'sometimes|nullable|integer|exists:cities,id',
            'state_id'            => 'sometimes|nullable|integer|exists:states,id',
            'complement'          => 'sometimes|nullable|string|max:255',
            'payer_name'          => 'sometimes|nullable|string|max:255',
            'how_did_you_know_us' => 'sometimes|nullable|string|in:referral,social_media,google,other',
            'notes'               => 'sometimes|nullable|string',
        ];

        if ($this->isMethod('post')) {
            $rules['name']       = 'required|string|max:255';
            $rules['birth_date'] = 'required|date';
            $rules['email']      = 'sometimes|nullable|email|unique:students,email';

            $rules['responsible'] = [
                'nullable',
                'array',
                Rule::requiredIf(fn (): bool => $this->studentIsMinor()),
            ];

            $rules['responsible.name']           = 'required_with:responsible|string|max:255';
            $rules['responsible.birth_date']     = 'required_with:responsible|date';
            $rules['responsible.cpf']            = ['required_with:responsible', 'string', 'max:20', Cpf::rule()];
            $rules['responsible.gender']         = 'sometimes|nullable|string|in:no_preference,male,female,other';
            $rules['responsible.degree']         = 'required_with:responsible|string|max:255';
            $rules['responsible.email']          = 'required_with:responsible|email|max:255';
            $rules['responsible.phone']          = 'required_with:responsible|string|max:20';
            $rules['responsible.postal_code']    = 'required_with:responsible|string|max:10';
            $rules['responsible.street']         = 'required_with:responsible|string|max:255';
            $rules['responsible.address_number'] = 'sometimes|nullable|string|max:20';
            $rules['responsible.neighborhood']   = 'required_with:responsible|string|max:255';
            $rules['responsible.city_id']        = 'required_with:responsible|integer|exists:cities,id';
            $rules['responsible.state_id']       = 'required_with:responsible|integer|exists:states,id';
            $rules['responsible.complement']     = 'sometimes|nullable|string|max:255';
            $rules['responsible.notes']          = 'sometimes|nullable|string';
        } else {
            $rules['name'] = 'sometimes|string|max:255';
        }

        return $rules;
    }

    private function studentIsMinor(): bool
    {
        $birthDate = $this->input('birth_date');

        if (!is_string($birthDate) || $birthDate === '') {
            return false;
        }

        try {
            return Carbon::parse($birthDate)->age < 18;
        } catch (Throwable) {
            return false;
        }
    }
}