sfp_api_laravel_ginastica_cerebro/app/Http/Requests/StudentMediaRequest.php

<?php

namespace App\Http\Requests;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\FormRequest;

class StudentMediaRequest extends FormRequest
{
    public function rules(): array
    {
        return [
            'name'       => 'nullable|string|max:255',
            'student_id' => 'required|integer|exists:students,id',
            'file'       => $this->isMethod('POST')
                ? 'required|file|mimes:jpeg,png,gif,pdf,mp4,mov,avi|max:20480'
                : 'sometimes|file|mimes:jpeg,png,gif,pdf,mp4,mov,avi|max:20480',
        ];
    }
}