sfp_api_laravel_ginastica_cerebro/app/Rules/AdultBirthDate.php

<?php

namespace App\Rules;

use Carbon\Carbon;
use Closure;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\ValidationRule;
use Throwable;

class AdultBirthDate implements ValidationRule
{
    public function validate(string $attribute, mixed $value, Closure $fail): void
    {
        try {
            $isAdult = Carbon::parse($value)->age >= 18;
        } catch (Throwable) {
            // A regra `date` é responsável pela mensagem de data inválida.
            return;
        }

        if (!$isAdult) {
            $fail(__('validation.responsible_must_be_adult'));
        }
    }
}